从美国铁路的盛衰论我国铁路的发展

Looking at Development of Chinese Railway in the Light of Prosperity and Decline of American Railways

２０世纪以来，美国花巨额投资修建了高速公路，原有铁路日渐衰退。８０年代认识到铁路的重要，又开始振兴。借鉴美国经验，我国铁路应根据地形选线定坡；运营先通后备；京沪、京沈线加快电化；列车间隔呵缩短至６～７ｍｉｎ；机车车辆要随运量比例增加：沪宁线可开行准高速列车；可利用既有线开行市郊列车．以加速发展铁路和缓解运输紧张。

During the 20th century, the U. S. A. has spent huge amount of money to build highways, and the existing railway declined gradually. From 1980's on,the importance of railway was realized, so that it is revitalized. Drawing on the experiences of American railways,Chinese railway should select lines and set grades according to topography; Build railway first and then improve related facilities; Accelerating electrification of Beijing-Shanghai Line and BeijingShenyang Line; The train interval should be shortened to 6-7 minutes in average; the locomotives and roling stocks should be increased in proportion to transportation volume;Run quasi-high speed trains on Shanghai-Nanjing Line; Use existing lines to run suburban passenger trains. By doing all these, Chinese railway can accelerate its development and release the tension on transportation capacity.