风险管理机制在电能质量市场中的应用

APPLICATION RISK MANAGEMENT IN POWER QUALITY MARKET

电能质量市场的提出充实和完善了电力市场,同时也对现有管理方法提出了更高的要求。尤其是电能质量扰动的经济性评价、不同质量等级电能的定价等一系列经济性问题,需要用户和供电部门之间的信息共享才能实现,但是作为经济利益对立的经济实体来说这又是很难实现的。作者将风险管理机制引入电能质量市场,采用基本电价叠加电能质量保险费的价格形成机制,将电能质量市场中最困难的经济评估问题转化为参与者的赔偿选择,解决了不同质量等级的电能的定价问题,可以实现电能质量事故的合理赔偿和电磁污染超标排放的合理处罚,为供电商的电能质量投资决策提供了参考,同时提供了提高电能质量治理效率的激励机制,从而促进全社会综合效益的提高。算例证实了该方法的合理性。文中还讨论了电能质量市场投资的风险管理问题,最后提出了风险管理机制在实际应用和今后研究中需要注意的问题和相关建议。

The appearance of power quality market (PQM) makes the electricity market substantial, at the same time it put forward higher requirement to existing management mechanism. Especially, a series of economic problems, such as economic estimation for power quality (PQ) disturbances and pricing for electric energy with different PQ level, require sharing information between electric utilities and power customers, but it is rather difficult to realize information sharing between the economic entities with opposed economic benefits. Here, the risk management mechanism is led into PQM, using the pricing mechanism of superposing the insurance premium of power quality on basic electricity price the most difficult economic appraisal in power quality market is transformed into the economic reparations of the participators and the pricing problem of electrical energy with different quality level can be dealt with. Therefore, under the proposed risk management mechanism the just compensation for accident due to poor power quality and the reasonable punishment for electromagnetic pollution exceeding the emission standard can be realized, and it can be available for reference to the decision making of power suppliers' investment in power quality and provide an excitation mechanism to improve the efficiency of harnessing power quality, thereby, the enhancement synthetical social effect is promoted. The rationality of the proposed method is verified by case results. The risk management of the investment in power quality market is also researched. Finally, the problems should be paid attention to and relevant suggestions for the application of risk management mechanism in practice and its research in future are pointed out.