论我国行政诉讼暂时法律保护制度的完善

On the Development of the Temporary Legal Protection in the Administrative Litigation

我国行政诉讼暂时法律保护制度主要包括诉讼期间对被诉具体行政行为停止执行制度以及诉讼中的财产保全和先予执行制度。不应将《中华人民共和国行政诉讼法》第四十四条理解为起诉不停止执行原则。原告向法院申请停止执行被诉具体行政行为应当采用书面方式,可以在诉前申请停止被诉具体行政行为的执行,也可以在诉讼开始后,法院裁判前的任何阶段提出申请。法院应当在听取诉讼参加人意见的基础上,作出停止或不停止被诉具体行政行为执行的裁定,裁定应当说明理由。停止执行被诉具体行政行为的裁定没有溯及力,并且可以由法院撤销或者变更。法院对行政机关可以适用财产保全措施,先予执行的适用范围应当予以扩大。

The temporary legal protection system includes suspending execution of the specific administrative act, property preservation and preliminary execution. The article 44 of Administrative Litigation Law should not be regarded as a principle of suspending execution of the specific administrative act. The plaintiff should apply for suspending execution in writing at any stage before the judgment or order on an administrative case is announced. A people's court should pass an order of suspending execution or not after hearing the arguments of the interested participants, and show the court's views in the order. The force of the order should not trace back to the source of the specific administrative act. The order can be amended or annulled by the court. Property preservation can be imposed upon the defendant of an administrative case and the scope of preliminary execution should be enlarged.