论文化的境界和层次

On the Realm and Levels of Culture

通过对典型文化定义的“元理论”考察 ,强调指出作为学术研究对象的文化 ,与认识过程的对象、与社会实践的改造对象均有所不同 ;其基本形式是“人以其文化物” ,其实质内容则是“具体个人对其特定和自由的精神生活的追求和享受” ,因而既是与不同的具体社会个体的社会层次和人生境界紧密联系在一起的 ,又是这种层次和境界的产物和具体体现。因此 ,文化哲学研究和一般的文化理论研究必须突破“观念的王国” ,进行基本研究立场和方法论视角的根本性变革 ,然后才有可能通过深入的研究 。

Through an analysis of the 'meta-theory' related to the typical definitions of culture, the author points out that the culture as the object of academic study is different from the object in the process of cognition and unlike the object of remolding in our social practice, and its basic form is 'man with its cultural things'. Its intrinsic content is revealed in 'a specific individual pursues and enjoys its specific freedom and spiritual life. Thus, culture in this sense is not only closely related to different social levels of specific individuals but also is the embodiment and the product of such cultural levels and realm. Therefore, the study of cultural philosophy and the general study of cultural theory should not only make a breakthrough in the 'established ideas' but also make dramatic changes in terms of the basic research perspectives and methodology in order to make real advances.