肘关节内侧副韧带形态结构研究

The Study of the Ulnar Collateral Ligaments of Elbow Joint

目的:探讨国人肘关节内侧副韧带的组成、结构特点以及肘关节在不同屈曲角度下各组成成分长度的变化规律。方法:取60例4%福尔马林溶液防腐保存的正常成人尸体肘关节标本,仔细解剖出肘关节内侧副韧带各组成成分及起止点,然后分别测量各组成成分起止点的宽度以及肘关节在不同屈曲角度下,前束、后束、斜束的长度,同时观察其形态学变化特点。结果:肘关节内侧副韧带由前束、后束、斜束组成,斜束未出现率为10%,有3种类型。前束起点宽度为7.96±0.93 mm,止点宽度为9.17±1.1 mm;后束起点宽度为9.86±1.57 mm,止点宽度为14.06±2.81 mm;斜束宽度为起点18.55±2.27 mm,止点宽度为13.37±2.62 mm;前后束长度随肘关节屈曲角度的变化而变化,斜束的长度则无变化。结论:肘关节内侧副韧带由前束、后束、斜束组成,斜束未出现率为10%,分三型。前束在肘关节屈曲90°时最长,此时亦为最紧张状态,后束则随肘关节屈曲角度增大而逐渐变长,而斜束的长度不随肘关节屈曲角度的变化而变化。

Objective: To evaluate the anatomical and mobile characteristics of ulnar collateral ligament of the elbow joint. Methods:The ligament composition,shape and motion of the elbow joint in 60 cadaveric specimens were studied in dissection; The width of each ligament component origin and insertion were measured and the length of each ligament component was measured at different angle of flexion. Results: The ulnar collateral ligament of the elbow joint was composed of an anterior bundle,a posterior bundle and a transverse bundle,and there were three types of composition. The origin width of an anterior bundle,a posterior bundle and a transverse bundle was 7. 96 ± 0. 93 mm,9. 86 ± 1. 57 mm and 18. 55 ± 2. 27 mm respectively,the insertion width was 9. 17 ± 1. 1 mm, 14. 06 ± 2. 81 mm and 13. 37 ± 2. 62 mm respectively. The length of the anterior bundle and the posterior bundle varied with the change of the angle of elbow flexion. Conclusion: The ulnar collateral ligament of the elbow joint was composed of an anterior bundle,a posterior bundle and a transverse bundle,and there were three types of composition. The length of the anterior bundle was maxium at 90° of the elbow flexion, the length of the posterior bundle varied with the change of the angle of elbow flexion,and a transverse bundle was unchanged.