烤烟喷醋抗旱试验研究

Experimental Research on Drought Resistance of Tobacco(Tobacco nicotiana)by Spraying Food Vinegar

在烤烟关键发育期遭遇干旱时对烟株喷施醋液,可提高植株对干旱时体内产生大量氨积累而导致中毒的抵抗能力,避免或减轻干旱危害.采用盆栽、小区和大田试验相结合,设置不同时间、次数、醋液浓度与喷水、不喷施的对比试验,结果表明,喷醋液最佳浓度为0.4‰～0.6‰,最佳时间在烤烟移栽至团棵期,次数为3次.小区试验平均喷醋液比对照(清水)增产103kg/hm2,上中等烟增多18%,鲜根重增加63%,根系长增加21%.示范试验喷醋液比对照(清水)产量和产值分别增加193kg/hm2和1833元,投入产出比为1:10.喷施醋液还可防治蚜虫危害,也有利改善烟叶质量.

Spraying food vinegar in the critical development periods of tobacco could improve the power to resist the poison caused by accumulation of a great deal of ammoniac in the plants during drought to avoid or reduce drought damage.The field and pot experiments by spraying food vinegar in different times,frequencies and concentrations with spraying water and no spraying as control were conducted to examine the drought resistance of tobacco(Nicotiana tabacum L.).The results showed that the optimum concentrations of food vinegar were between0.4‰and0.6‰;The best time is from transplanting to rapid growth stage with three times.The tobacco yields with average vinegar concentration in the plots had increased by103kg/hm 2 than spraying water,whereas the medium and upper quality tobacco,fresh weight of roots and length of roots had increased by18%,63%and21%respectively.The yields and production value of tobacco by spraying food vinegar in the extension fields had increased by193kg/hm 2 and1833Yuan/hm 2 respectively than spraying water.The input/output ra-tio was1∶10.In addition,spraying food vinegar could prevent aphides damage and improve the quality of tobacco plant as well.