以人为基点的关系世界的辩证法——诠释萨特哲学的新视角

Dialectics of human-based relation world——A new point of view Sartre's philosophy

萨特的哲学可以概括为人学。尽管萨特认为人的存在先于人的本质 ,从而在本体论意义上认定人是自由的 ,但是 ,萨特哲学的内在逻辑则是从人的关系世界展开的 ,即仍然没有离开“人的本质 ,就其现实性而言 ,是一切社会关系的总和”。事实上 ,以人为基点的关系世界的辩证法是萨特哲学的精髓 ,也是理解萨特哲学的根本点。由此出发 ,能更深刻地阐释萨特对人的本质的规定、总体性与总体化。

Sartre's philosophy can be generalized as the human studies. But there are various definitions on human. Though Sartre's recognized that the existence of human preceded the human nature and thus regarded human to be free in the sense of subject, the interior logic of Sartre's philosophy,developed from human's relation world, stilldid not digress from the view of “ human nature, in terms of its reality, is the total of all social relations.' In fact, the dialectics of human- based relation world is the core of Sartre's philosophy and the basic point for understanding it. It can offer a deeper explanation for Satter's negation of the definition on human nature, generality and totality, view of practice and dialectics of nature.