鲁西北水资源的综合开发和宏观调控─—兼论黄泛平原旱涝碱综合治理

INTEGRATED DEVELOPMENT AND MANAGEMENT OFWATER RESOURCES iN THE NORTHWESTERNSHANDONG PROVINCE

本文探讨了鲁西北黄泛平原补充性灌溉特点下的节水、防灾型水资源宏观调控问题。该区具有旱涝频繁，土地易碱的特点，旱涝碱的发生与地下水位密切相关。文中分析并提出了不同季节的地下水位动态调控指标。通过分析降雨与地下水位上升值，引河灌溉与地下水位上升值，以及蒸发与地下水位降落值，井灌与地下水位降落值的关系。提出了相应的经验公式，并依据当地条件进行了模拟计算验证。本文依据既能满足灌溉用水需求，又可达到旱涝盐碱综合治理的原则，提出了地上水、地下水联合运用时调控分区及各区不同水文年的水资源调控方案。

This paper deals mainly with tbe mangement of water resources with the chara.cteristics of supplemental irrigation for water-saving and prevention of drought, wa-terlogging and salinization. The indexes for dynamic control of groundwater tablesin different seasons are also proposed.The relations between rainfall and the rising of groundwater table, betweenriver-canal irrigation and therising of groundwater table between evaporation andthe decline of groundwater table and between well irrigation and the decline of gro-undwater table are analysed. Some empirical formulas are obtained from statisticalanalyses.Finally, according to the principle of both meeting the requirements of irrigationand controlling drought, waterlogging and salinization comprehensively, the manage-ment and control schemes of water resources for different hydrological years in di-fferent regions and under the condition of conjunctive use of surface water and gro-und water are given.