辽西地区油松混交林抗蚀改土效益的研究

IMPROVEMENT AND ANTIEROSION PROPERTIES OFSOILS UNDER CHINESE PINE MIXED FORESTIN WESTERN LIAONING PROVINCE

在辽西半干旱水土流失地区，为了防止土壤侵蚀和恢复地力，首先应当营造水土保持林。油松（Ｐｉｎｕｓｉａｂｕｌａｅｆｏｒｍｉｓ）阔叶混交林与油松纯林相比，在改善土壤理化性质、提高土壤抗蚀性有显著效果。与纯林相比，前者土壤含水量可提高１３一３０％、土壤有机质含量提高７．１一７６．４％、土壤微生物数量可增加１３一３９％、土壤容重减少６．８一１０％、土壤水稳性团聚体可提高２２．２一１２４．４％、土壤侵蚀率降低了６．６一２６。３％。本地区适宜选择的混交树种有元宝槭（Ａｃｅｒｔｒｕｍｃａｔｕｍ）、蒙古柞（Ｑｕｅｒｃｕｒｍｏｎｇｏｌｉｃａ）、小叶锦鸡儿（Ｃａｒａｇａｎａｍｉｃｒｏｐｈｙｌｌａ）等。

n the semi-arid and soil erosion region of western Liaoning,we should developforests to conserve water and soil above all so as to prevent soil erosion and recoversoil fertility.In contrast to the pure forest the Chinese pine mixed forest hadobvious superiority in improving physical and chemical as well as antierosionproperties of the soils.The mixed forest of Chinese pine and broadleaf trees(including shrubs) could increase soil wetness by 10-30% and humus content by7-76.4% and decrease the volume weight of the soil by 10%. In addition,themixed forest of Chinese pine and broadleaf trees could raise the water-stable soilaggregate by 22.2-124.4% and reduce the soil erosion rate by 6.6-26.3%.In this area the suitable species to be used as the mixed trees sliould includeAcer trumcatum,Quercus mongolica,Caragana microphylla etc.