应用生物法研究土壤含钾矿物与土壤供钾能力间关系

RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN THE COMPOSITION AND CONTENTS OF POTASSIUM-SUPPL YING POWER OF SOILS STUDIED USING THE BIOLOG- ICAL TEST TECHNIQUE

本文主要通过矿物鉴定，生物试验方法，辅以电超滤（ＥＵＦ）法及常规化学分析法研究了黄潮土、黄棕壤、灰潮土和红壤的含钾矿物类型、含钾量及其在不同粒级中分布与土壤供钾能力间关系。研究表明，四种土壤的含钾矿物、全钾量主要分布于土壤０－５０μｍ部分，并以０－２μｍ部分的最丰富。随着土壤粒径增大，工壤含钾矿物组成逐渐简单化，含量逐渐降低。通过生物试验证明，土壤中三个粒级的供钾能力亦是０－２μｍ＞２－１０μｍ＞１０－５０μｍ。同一位级中，四个土壤的含钾矿物组成丰缺及其之间供钾能力大小顺序是黄潮土灰潮土＞黄棕镶＞红壤；土培试验证明，四个土壤供钾能力大小顺序是黄潮土＞黄棕壤＞灰潮土＞红壤。这种不一致性表明土壤的供钾能力不仅决定于土壤不同粒级中含钾矿物组成，还与土壤颗粒组成有关。

In this work, assaying of minerals and pot experiments with the graminaceouscropryegrass,rice and barley as the indicator crops were carried out by using che-mical methods and Electro-UltrofiItration technique to study the variet ies of soil Kforms as well as their distribution invarious particle fract ions of soils(yellow chaosoil,yellow brown earth,grey chao soil and red soil)and their relations to the K-supplying power of the soils.The main results obtained are as follows:In the four kinds of soils,secondary K-bearing minerals,prilnary K-bearingminerals and total K of the soils were mostly distributed in the particle fractioo<50μm,and the richest in the particle fraction<2μm,The varieties and contentsof Kbearing minerals gradually decreased with the increase of particle size of thethree fractions of the soils.The order of K-supplying power of the three fractionswas:0一2um2-10μm>10-50μm. The order of the amount of K-bearing Tninerals and K-supplying power in thesame particle fraction of the soils was:yellow chao soil grey chao soil>yellowbrown earth>red soil. But the order of the K-supplying power of the four whole soils was yellow chaosoil yellow brown earth>grey chao soil>red soil,which was incompletelyin agreement with the order of the amount of K-bearing minerals in various parti-cle fractions of soil.This showed that K-supplying power of soils was related notonly to the K-bearing mineral composition of soil but als,D to soil texture.