中国近代史研究趋势与热点问题述评

Review of the Research Tendency and the Hot Subjects in Modern Chinese History

近十年来,老的政治史受到冷落,社会史、文化史的研究开始起步,现代化问题备受关注,经济史的研究仍然薄弱。形成争论的热点有:如何从整体上把握中国近代史,是继续用阶级斗争的模式,以“三大高潮八大事件”来概括中国近代史,还是以现代化或资本主义化来描述中国近代历史的变革;在承认西方列强的侵略给中国带来了巨大痛苦和屈辱的同时,如何估计西方列强的冲击对中国现代化起的客观作用;辛亥革命,包括整个世界历史上的多次革命,是不是没有必要,改良是不是比革命好。

In the latest 10 years, when the old political history has been gradually ignored, the research in the history of society and culture starts to be carried out and more close attention has been paied to the problem of modernalization, but the study on the history of economy is still volnerable. The hot subjects involve the following questions: how do we understand modern Chinese history as a whole? Do we still rely on the class struggle pattern and 'three upsurges & eight significant events' to generalize the modern Chinese history or to illustrate its change in light of modernization and capitalization? How do we value the objective impact of the western powers on the modern history while admitting the sufferings and humiliation that they bring on the Chiese people? Xin-hai revolution, including others in the world history, is unnecessary or not, and reform is really better than revolution?