“天”之近代转型及其特点

The Transformation of “Heaven”in Modern Times and Its Features

天是中国古代哲学中最重要的范畴之一 ,具有上帝、自然、命运、本体 (理、气、心 )诸多涵义。近代哲学以西方自然科学知识为基础对它进行了新的诠释 ,赋予了不同的时代精神 ,反映了不同的思维方式 ,完成了天范畴由古代哲学向近代哲学的转型。在此转型过程中 ,凸现了中国近代哲学发展的融合性、批判性。

Heaven is one of the most important concepts of Chinese ancient philosophy. It referred to God, nature, destiny, noumenon and so on. Based on western natural sciences modern Chinese philosophy gave it some new meanings. The new explanations not only reflected the different spirits and different modes of thinking in different times but also realized the transformation from the ancient philosophical concept of Heaven to the modern one. The transformation symbolized the four important characters of the development of modern Chinese philosophy: fusing, criticizing, practicing and ending.