环境与贸易的可持续发展研究

The Research on the Sustainable onsistence Development of Commerce and Environment

贸易影响国民经济发展 ,国民经济又影响生态环境 ,环境与贸易是联系非常密切的两个领域。贸易使环境问题极端化 ,表现为环境问题国际化和局地化两个方面。环境问题对贸易影响主要是通过环保措施影响产品竞争力来实现。单独在各自领域寻找解决问题的措施 ,对可持续发展不利 ,也是不现实的。必须用可持续发展的生态经济综合观点考察环境与贸易的关系。基本原则一是向市场发出“新的稀缺信号”,促进环境成本内部化 ,具体执行中 ,政府的调整和监督作用应予以加强。二是发展和加强国际合作 ,促进环境保护和自由贸易的结合。三是加强立法 。

Commerce affects the development of national economy, while the development of national economy influences the ecological environment.These two aspects are correlated and indispensible . The commercial influences make the environment problem even more seriously, That is:(1) internationalized the problems; (2) localized the problems. While the effects of environment problem on the commerce is the competition of goods, which is realized by the regulation of environment protection. It is not favourable and not practical for those who try to deal with the problems separately. The comprehensive view of ecological economy should be adopted in regrard to the relationship between the commerce and the environment. The fundamental countermeasures are: (1) release the new sign of 'supply shortage' to the market to promote the environment cost internalized and enforce the reform and inspection of government in operation;(2) strengthen the international co operation and the combination of environment protection and free commerce;(3) establish reasonable international commercial and environment protection laws.