列车车厢内醛酮化合物的污染状况

Pollution Survey of Carbonyl Compounds in Train Air

建立了室内及公共场所空气中 10种醛酮 (甲醛、乙醛、丙烯醛、丙酮、丙醛、丁烯醛、丁醛、苯甲醛、环己酮、戊醛 )的采集、前处理及分析方法 ,采样效率为 92 %～ 10 0 % ,回收率为 91%～ 10 4 % ,检测限为 0 . 2 6ng/m3 ～ 0 . 82ng/m3 .调查评价了 6辆列车车厢空气中醛酮的污染状况 .结果表明 ,列车车厢空气中醛酮的总浓度为 0 .15 91mg/m3 ～ 0 . 2 82 8mg/m3 ,平均浓度为0 . 2 330mg/m3 ,其中甲醛、乙醛、丙酮的平均浓度分别为 0 . 0 92 2mg/m3 、0 .0 4 99mg/m3 、0 . 0 5 80mg/m3 ,占总平均浓度的4 2 . 6 %、2 1 .4 %、2 4 . 9% .初步确定列车车厢空气中的醛酮化合物来自木制品和抽烟的混合源 .乘客的醛酮吸入量约为 0 . 0 4 3mg/h～ 0 . 0 76mg/h .

The methods for sampling and analyzing 10 carbonyl compounds such as formaldehyde, acetaldehyde, acrolein, acetone, propionaldehyde, crotonaldehyde, butyraldehyde, benzaldehyde, cyclohexanone, valeraldehyde in indoor air were proposed with the sampling efficiency, recovery and detection limit being 92%～100%, 91%～104%, 0.26ng/m3～0.82ng/m3, respectively. Pollution survey of 10 carbonyl compounds in air of 6 trains was conducted. It was indicated that the total concentrations of carbonyl compounds were 0.1591 mg/m3～0.2828 mg/m3 with the average concentration of 0.2330 mg/m3, the average concentrations of formaldehyde, acetaldehyde and acetone were 0.0922 mg/m3, 0.0499 mg/m3 and 0.0580 mg/m3, accounted for 42.6%, 21.4%, 24.9% of the total carbonyl compounds' concentrations, respectively. The carbonyl compounds probably came from woodwork and tobacco. The intake of carbonyl compounds for the passengers was approximately 0.043 mg/h～0.076 mg/h.