气相色谱-质谱联用法分析石菖蒲水煎液主要化学成分

Studies on Chemical Constituents of Rhizoma Acori Tatarinowii Decoction by GC-MS

[目的]探讨石菖蒲水煎液和浓缩液的主要化学成分。并进行分析比较。[方法]模拟汤剂临床煎法将石菖蒲置陶器 中煎煮2次并浓缩,采用气相色谱-质谱联用(GC-MS)技术直接进样对6批次水煎液及浓缩液进行分析比较。[结果]在 GC-MS可检出成分中,石菖蒲第1次、第2次水煎液及浓缩液中均含有5个相对含量较大的成分,包括挥发油成分β-细辛 醚和α-细辛醚,以及2,3-二氢-3,5-二羟基-6-甲基-4H-吡喃-4-酮(4H-Pyran-4-one,2,3-dihydro-3,5-dihydroxy-6-methyl-)、5- 羟甲基糠醛(2-Furancarboxaldehyde,5-[hydroxymethyl]-)和细辛酮(Acoramone)。但浓缩液中β-细辛醚和α-细辛醚相对含量 明显降低,而水溶性成分明显升高。[结论]石菖蒲临床疗效的物质基础应是多样性的,不仅与挥发油成分有关,还应考虑 相对含量较高的水溶性成分的参与。目前在研制新药过程中,供药理实验普遍采用的浓缩液与临床实际应用的汤剂成分可 能有所不同,应引起足够重视。

[Objective] To analyze the main chemical constituents of decoction and concentrated decoction of Rhizoma Acori Tatarinowii (RAT) by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). [Methods] RAT was decocted and concentrated in the pottery for two times and then 6 batches of the decoction and its concentrated decoction were analyzed by GC-MS. [Results] Five kinds of components in a higher amount were found in the first and second decoction of RAT, including: β-asarone, α-asarone, 2, 3-dihydro-3, 5-dihydroxy-6-methyl-4H-pyran-4-one, 5-hydroxymethylfurfural and acoramone. The contents of volatile components of α-asarone and α-asarone were lower while those of water-soluble components higher in the concentrated decoction of RAT. [Conclusion] The therapeutic effect of RAT is the co-action of the multiple components of RAT; the effect is related not only with the volatile components but also with the water-soluble components. Therefore, more attention should be paid to the difference of components in the concentrated decoction, which is generally used in the research of new Chinese herbal medicine, and in the clinically used decoction.