论刑事诉讼举证责任的分担

On Sharing Proof Burden in Criminal Procedure

刑事诉讼举证责任的分担是举证责任制度的核心问题。无罪推定和辩方合理分担是举证责任分担的基本原则。依照无罪推定原则,控方应对被告人有罪的基本事实承担举证责任。辩方承担的举证责任从举证能力上必须是其力所能及的;辩方只能对发生概率较低的待证事实承担举证责任;出于刑事政策的考虑,可以要求辩方承担一定的举证责任。在我国举证责任的转移和举证责任的倒置一般指控方承担举证责任的例外、由辩方承担举证责任的特殊情形。

How to share the burden of proof is the core of the burden of proof. The presumption of innocence and the reasonable burden to the defendant are the principles in sharing the burden of proof. Shifting of burden and reversing of burden are both exception of the accuser's sharing the burden of proof. In the other words, the defendant will share the burden of proof in some special cases.