香港土壤研究 Ⅰ.研究现状与展望

HONG KONG SOIL RESEARCHES Ⅰ. AN OVERVIEW

对近半个世纪以来香港地区的土壤分类、农业和园林绿地土壤的肥力以及土壤环境保护等研究工作进行了系统的回顾和介绍,为中国香港地区及其他社会经济快速发展地区的土壤资源合理利用、生态环境保护与社会可持续发展提供了科学信息。认为,高度城市化和国际化的香港地区可以结合香港高科技及新产业的发展目标,合理利用和开发土地资源,定向培育中草药产地土壤环境与教育基地;需要进一步系统研究香港地区土壤发生与系统分类、性状与特征、空间分布与变异规律,建立香港土壤基础数据库、土壤图和土壤信息与服务系统;进一步探明污染元素和有益元素的土壤地球化学背景以及持久性有机污染物的环境生物地球化学过程及其生态与健康风险,建立长期的土壤环境质量动态观测点与研究平台,以及区域尺度的土壤环境质量信息系统和定量可视化预测预警系统;

This paper attempts to review research work conducted on Hong Kong soils, including soil classification, soil fertility, and soil environmental protection. It is hoped to provide some insights into rational use of the soil resource, ecological and environmental protection, and sustainable development of modern societies for other areas of China, which are also undergoing rapid economic development. In order to rationalize exploitation of the land resource in Hong Kong, it is important to conduct systematic research covering soil genesis, soil taxonomy, soil characteristics, soil spatial distribution and variable pattern, and to establish soil information (including soil database and soil atlas) and service system. Furthermore it is also essential to acquire a sound knowledge of the geochemical background of harmful and beneficial trace elements in Hong Kong soil. This should include environmental biogeochemistry of persistent organic pollutants (POPs) for assessment of their potential risks to the ecology and human health. Based on these studies, a long term workstation for Hong Kong soils can be established for assessing and forecasting the soil environmental quality in Hong Kong. In addition, it is necessary to form a risk assessment system and a remediation technology system for contaminated soil in Hong Kong.