水力空化对化学反应的强化效应

Enhancement of chemical reactions by hydrodynamic cavitation

在由孔板产生的水力空化条件下对KI水溶液分解反应进行了实验研究. 通过测定反应产物碘的释放量,检测了水力空化的化学效应. 分析了实验装置的几何特性、水力学特性及溶液浓度等对空化强化效应的影响.研究结果表明: 水力空化能够引发或强化某些化学反应, 其作用强度取决于空化发生的状态、空化引发自由基的数量和反应物浓度等. 寻求最佳的水力空化条件, 可以获得较好的化学反应强化效果.

The hydrodynamic cavitation generated through an orifice plate is used to decompose aqueous solution of KI. By measuring the concentration of the iodine liberated in reaction, it was found that the decomposition reactions of the aqueous solution of KI could be induced by hydrodynamic cavitation. The effects of hydrodynamic conditions, geometric characteristics of the orifice plate and the concentration of solution on the decomposition of the aqueous solution of KI were experimentally examined and theoretically analyzed. It was concluded that some chemical reactions could be induced or enhanced by hydrodynamic cavitation, and the intensity acting on chemical reaction by hydrodynamic cavitation was decided by the cavitation conditions, the amount of free radicals and the concentration of reactants. It is important to optimize the hydrodynamic cavitiation conditions for the enhancement of chemical reactions.