卫星搭载对凤仙花减数分裂和小孢子的影响

EFFECT OF SPACE FLIGHT ON MEIOSIS OF POLLEN MOTHER CELLS AND ITS DERIVED POLLENS IN Impations balsamina

研究了卫星搭载对凤仙花小孢子母细胞的减数分裂和小孢子的影响。结果发现 ,小孢子母细胞在减数分裂时出现染色体断片、染色体桥和落后染色体等现象。分裂过程中出现染色体分配不均、多极分裂和多核现象 ,进而形成多分孢子 ,且多分孢子的染色体数目不一致。发现小孢子的有丝分裂也出现异常 ,细胞内部的染色体数目多少也不一致。碘液染色后检测小孢子的育性 ,不同植株的小孢子的育性有差别。

Effects of space flight on meiosis of pollen mother cells and metosis of microspores in Impations balsamina were investigated.It was found that meiosis showed abnormal in most plants germinated from seeds after space flight,and chromosome fragment,chromosomal bridge and lagging chromosome were observed in the process of meiosis in these plants.Disproportional segregation of chromosome,multipolar division and multinucleus were also observed in most plants,which developed into paraspores with different chromrosome number.Mitosis of microspores was found to be abnormal in most plants,and the number of chromosome in microspore unequal.The fertility of the pollens was tested with iodic solution,it was found that the fertility of pollens varied in different plants.=