再议中国经济的市场化程度

Rethinking on the Marketization of Chinese Economy

中国的经济制度转型对中国经济的快速增长起到了极大的推进作用。许多学者在做制度转型对中国经济增长作用的实证分析时,将市场化程度这一指标量化得不够科学合理。文章认为中国经济的市场化是沿着两条主线进行的:一是资源配置的市场化,建立市场机制;二是非公经济的发展以及产权制度的确立。在此基础上,将市场化这一制度转型过程抽象为投资领域的市场化、流通领域的市场化、非公经济投资占总投资比重的增加、非公经济从业人员占全社会从业人员比重的增加、非公经济生产值占全社会生产总值比重的增加五个指标。经计算,2003年我国经济市场化程度为81.45%。

The institutional transformation of Chinese economy has greatly promoted the rapid growth of the economy. But the quantification of the indicators of marketization by some of the researchers is not totally reasonable. The writer holds that the Chinese economic growth follows two approaches: marketization of resource allocation in the establishment of market mechanism and the development of non-state economic sectors with the setup of property ownership. It is on the bases of this analysis that the marketization expresses itself as marketization of investment and circulation, increase in the proportion of non-governmental investment in the total investment, increase in employment in non-governmental sectors against the total, and increase in the output of non-state owned sectors against the total. Calculation shows the country's marketization is 81.45% in 2003.