祈使句语法构式的转喻阐释

祈使句是一种常见的语言现象 ,它的原型意义是说话者指使听话人去做或不做某事。传统语法不足以说明祈使句的语义生成问题。本文从构式语法出发 ,探讨了祈使句构式义和词汇义的相互关系 ,并从认知转喻的角度分析了构式义与词汇义相互压制所应遵循的规律。

Imperative is a very popular linguistic phenomenon, which has a prototypical meaning that “the speaker requires the hearer to do or not to do something”. Traditional grammar has not given adequate accounts for the semantic mechanism of imperative. From the perspective of Construction Grammar, this paper expounds the relationship between construction meaning and lexical meaning. Furthermore, from the cognitive perspective, it attempts to apply metonymic principle to analyzing the rules that the coercion between the two meanings abides by.