试论建国初期的农民协会

The Peasant Associations in the Early Years of New China

农民协会是中国共产党在革命和建设过程中发动、组织农民的重要形式。建国初期,由于土地改革、建立和巩固农村基层政权、构筑农村反封建统一战线的客观需要,农民协会在全国风起云涌,形成了从村到大行政区的各级网络体系,其间历经了兴起、整顿、隐退三个发展阶段。由于传统思想对农民的束缚与影响、中国共产党“国家——乡村社会”一体化战略的实施、农民协会自身先天不足及后天缺陷,农民协会很快在农村公共舞台上消失。

The peasant association was an important means for the Communist Party of China (CPC) to mobilize and organize the peasants in the revolution and construction. During the early years of New China, in view of the objective needs of land reform, setting-up and consolidation of the rural political power at the grass-roots level and formation of an antifeudal united front in the countryside the peasant associations developed with full force throughout the country and formed a complete network at all levels from villages upwards to the big administrative areas. In a short period of time it experienced a full circle of upsurge, consolidation and withdrawal. As a result of the bondage and influence of traditional ideologies, the implementation of the CPC's strategy of integrating the state and rural society, and its congenital infirmity and postnatal defects, the peasant association soon disappeared from the rural public stage.