烤烟和白肋烟及香料烟抗旱能力的比较研究

The Comparison Research on Ability of Fought a Drought by the Flue-cured Tobacco,Burley Tobacco and Oriental Tobacco

为了在生产中选择抗旱性较强的品种提供理论依据,在研究了水分胁迫下烤烟、白肋烟、香料烟抗旱能力的同时,还对干旱胁迫下烟草不同部位叶片的伸展速度、茎高、茎围、叶片萎蔫状况、复水后叶姿恢复能力等抗旱生物学指标和烟叶含水量、叶绿素含量、根系活力、细胞膜透性等生理指标进行了系统研究.结果表明:香料烟(沙姆逊种)的抗旱性最强,烤烟(NC89)次之,白肋烟(白肋 21)的抗旱性较差.对有关抗旱指标比较表明:生物学指标以第 3 叶伸长速率对干旱较敏感,用于抗旱鉴定效果较好,而用萎蔫状况来判断烟草抗旱性则需要长时间的观察.生理指标中以叶片含水量变化较为敏感,叶绿素含量和细胞膜透性也是判断烟草抗旱性的敏感指标,对下部烟叶进行抗旱生理指标鉴定更为有效.

This text makes the appraisal evaluation to the ability of fought a drought flue-cured tobacco,burley tobacco and oriental tobacco.The results indicate that the ability of fighting a drought to the oriental tobacco ( Samsum ) is the strongest,the flue-cured tobacco(NC89) is taken second place,and burley tobacco (Burley 21) is worse.The comparison research on quota of fight a drought makes clear that stretching speed with the 3rd tobacco leaf in the biology quota is more sensitive to drought and appraisal effect used to fight a drought is better.With the wilting condition to judge the ability of fight a drought in tobacco plant needs the observation of long time.The change with the tobacco leaf water content in the physiology quota is comparatively sensitive.Chlorophyll content and cell membrane permeability also is sensitive quota to the arid.It is more effective that the analysis of physiology quota is appraised to the lower leaf of tobacco.