不同施钾水平对烤烟生长和品质的影响

Effects of Different Potassium Levels on the Flue-Cured Tobacco Growth and Quality

在大田施氮、磷水平相等的条件下,研究了施 K2O 分别为 0,45,90,135,180,225,270 kg/hm2对烤烟品种 K326 农艺性状、经济性状、化学成分、缺钾症状和气候斑病发生程度的影响.结果表明,在烟株生长前中期,当施钾量达到 180 kg/hm2以上时,株高增长显著变慢,而定型株高则显著增高;茎围和最大叶的面积在施用 135 kg/hm2以上的处理与 CK 之间的差异性达到极显著水平,叶面积指数也存在显著差异;单位面积产量和产值以施用 180 kg/hm2的处理居首位,中上等烟比例和均价以施用 225 kg/hm2的处理最高,这两种处理的以上 4个经济性状与 CK 之间存在极显著性差异;烟叶中的总糖和 K2O 含量随施钾量的增加而上升,烟碱、总氮、蛋白质和 Cl-含量则下降;缺钾症状随施钾量增加而减轻,至施用 180 kg/hm2时已无缺钾症状;烟叶气候斑的发生程度也随施钾水平的提高而减轻.

Effects of different Potassium levels on the flue-cured tobacco variety “K326” agronomic characters,economic characters,chemical components,potassium deficient symptom and degree of weather infected fleck were studied at the same levels of Nitrogen and Phosphorus through field experiment. The results showed that plant height increasing speed was significantly slow at the former and middle stage when K level was above 180 kg/hm2.On the contrary,the height of case-hardened plant improved markedly.When the K level was above 135 kg/hm2,the stem girth and maximal leaf area differed significantly as compared with CK,so did LAI.Yield and product value per unit area took the first place when 180 kg/hm2 potassium was used.Average price and proportion of middle and first grade tobacco leaf of 225 kg/hm2 potassium treatment were the highest as compared with other treatments and CK.Four economic characters of the two treatments differed at obvious significant level as companied with CK.The total sugar and K2O were increased,nicotine, total N,protein and Cl- were decreased with increased K levels.The potassium lacked symptom was alleviated with increased K levels,no symptoms was observed when 180 kg/hm2 potassium was used,the degree of weather infected fleck was decreased when the K levels was increased.