IPv6无状态地址自动配置机制分析

Analysis of IPv6 Stateless Address Auto-configuration

随着 Internet技术的发展 ,IPv6协议将取代 IPv4协议成为下一代互联网协议 ,IPv6协议具有许多新的特性与功能 ,如提供更大的地址空间、支持网络节点的无状态地址自动配置等 ,因而提高了因特网的扩展性、可管理性。典型的 IPv6主机单播地址由全局路由前缀、子网 ID和 6 4位接口 ID组成 ,接口 ID由主机自动生成 ,全局路由前缀和子网ID可以通过路由通告消息得到。介绍了在 Windows XP环境下由 4 8位 MAC地址生成接口 ID的转换算法 ,借助网络上捕获的数据报分析了主机获得全局路由前缀的过程。

With the development of Internet technology,IPv6 will replace the IPv4 and become the protocol for next generation Internet. IPv6 has many new characteristics and function so as to improve the scalability and security of Internet. Such as providing large space,supporting net nodes′stateless address autoconfiguration. A typical IPv6 unicast address is composed of global route prefix,subnet ID and interface ID.Interface ID can be created automatically.Interface can get its gloabal route prefix and subnet ID through Router Advertisement message..This paper introduces the method,which creates interface ID from MAC address,with the help of data package captured on the net,analyses the process,by which host gets its global route prefix under the enviroment of Windows XP.