酒精中毒大鼠脑血管病变及相应脑组织损伤的病理观察

Brain and cerebrovascular pathological in alcoholism rats

目的 观察酒精中毒后大鼠脑血管病变、脑组织损伤情况及探讨相关机制。方法 Wistar雄性大鼠酒精灌胃 4周造成慢性酒精中毒模型。通过光学显微镜观察酒精中毒后大鼠脑血管的病理变化及相应脑组织的损伤。结果 酒精中毒组大鼠额叶脑内小血管内弹力膜厚薄不一 ,出现皱褶 ,内皮细胞部分脱落 ,中膜平滑肌细胞及外膜胶原纤维增生 ;大脑皮质、海马、小脑皮质等部位均有神经细胞数目缺失及不同程度的细胞变性及损伤 ,但以小脑皮质的改变尤为明显。结论 酒精中毒后可以引起脑血管自身结构的改变并影响脑血流 ,造成缺血缺氧性改变 ,可能是酒精中毒后脑损伤的机制之一。

Objective To study cerebrovascular pathological changes in alcoholism rats and discuss the mechanism. Methods The experimental alcoholism model were be established by intragastric administration alcohol for 4 weeks. Brain and cerebrovascular pathological changes in alcoholism were observed. Results In alcoholism rats fold in the endangiun of small vessel and some endothelium exfoliation were found,and nerve cells number was decreased and degenerate in cerebral cortex,cerebellar cortex and hippocampus,but the changes were obvious in cerebellar cortex. Conclusion Cerebral blood flow,ischemic and hypoxia pathological change in brain vessels induced by alcohol maybe one of mechanisms of alcoholism brain damage.