我国贫困地区学龄前儿童营养状况及改善效果的观察

Nutritional status of Preschool children in poor rural areas and the effelts of intervention programmes

为了解我国较贫困地区农村学龄前儿童的营养状况、存在的主要营养问题及针对这些问题所采取的改善措施的效果，作者与湖北、湖南、江西、广东、贵州、四川和甘肃省食品卫生监督检验所协作，于１９８６～１９８９年对１８个人均年收入在２００～５００元的乡的近１００００名６岁以下儿童的营养状况进行了监测研究。结果表明儿童中存在的主要营养问题为营养不良患病率较高，特别是慢性营养不良和贫血，其患病率分别为：１６．４％～６０．０％及２７．２％～７１．６％，后者为高发年龄组（０．５～１岁）的患病率。通过几年的改善包括对基层工作人员的培训，营养宣传教育，推动家庭菜园等活动取得了一定的效果，特别是贫血患病率有明显的下降。

In order to understand the nutritional status of preschool children and its main problems, and the effects of the intervention programs implemented, nearly ten thousand children under 6 from 18 township whose family income between 200￣500 yuan/capita/year were monitored during the period of 1985￣1989. The results showed that the main problems were malnutrition, especially stunting and anemia. The prevalence rates were 16.4%￣60.0% and 27.2%￣71.6% respectively. By the implementation of intervention programs.some good effect were observed, especially the prevalence of anemia decreased significantly.