高原石棉作业工人肺功能的调查

Pulmonary functions of asbestos workers at high altitude

对青海省某高原石棉矿３５３名作业男工和河北省某石棉矿３４７名男工进行了肺功能检查。结果表明，高原石棉矿男工肺功能随着接尘工龄的增加而逐步下降，且入矿年代越早下降越明显，主要表现为：ＶＣ，ＦＥＶ１％及ＦＥＶ１等指标下降明显；从Ｘ线各期组男工肺功能异常率的比较可看出，高原石棉矿男工在Ｘ线０期组，其肺功能绝大部分指标异常率已超过４０％，其中ＦＥＶ１及ＭＭＥＦ异常率接近或超过９０％，显著高于对照石棉矿男工（Ｐ＜０．００１），可以认为，高原石棉矿作业男工肺功能损害为限制性损害和阻塞性损害并存，属混合性损害，但后者更主要，这对高原石棉作业工人石棉肺的早期诊断有参考价值。

Pulmonary function tests were performed on 353 male asbestos workers atthat the high altitude and on 347 male asbestos workers at plain. The results showed that pulmonary function parameters the asbestos worker's were decreased corresponding with increasing length of exposure to asbestos dust. VC, FEV1% and FEV1 were decreased significantly. Study on the abnormal rates of pulmonary function of workers with different X-ray stage classification showed that asbestos workers at high altitude with normal X-ray stage were about 40 per cent abnormal in most pulmonary function parameters. FEV1 and MMEP were more than 90 per cant abnormal. It was significantly different as compared with the control group (P<0. 001). The results suggest that the pulmonary dysfunction of asbestos workers at high altitude is a mixed defect, with restrictive and obstructive dysfunction coexisted, and the latter occurs more often.