云母矿工人肺癌的流行病学调查

Epidemiological study of lung cancer in a mica mine

对内蒙古某云母矿井下男性矿工进行了肺癌回顾性队列调查。对生产环境中某些有害因素进行了测定。以全国及内蒙古男性人群肺癌死亡率作参比人群，标化死亡比（ＳＭＲ）分别为４．０５和６．６２，具有统计学意义。肺癌标化死亡率为８７．６１／１０５。有矽肺和无矽肺者肺癌发病有显著差异（Ｐ＜０．０５）。肺癌患者皆为尘肺患者。对肺癌高发原因，初步认为肺癌高发与长期高浓度接尘有关。很难排除矿尘中ＳｉＯ２和云母的作用。井下空气中存在的３，４－苯并芘，氡及其子体浓度极低，不足以构成本矿肺癌的原因。本次调查未见肺癌与吸烟有关。

A retrospective cohort study on lung cancer of the male underground workers in a neimenggu mica mine was conducted. Several harmful factors in working environment were analyzed. The standardised mortality ratio(SMR) for lung cancer compared with the nationwide and neimenggu province male lung cancer rates were 4.05 and 6. 62 respectively which were statistically significant.The standardised mortality was 87.61/105. The incidence of lung cancer with silicosis was significantly different from that of nonsilicosis.The investigated lung cancer patients were totally afflicted with pneumoconiosis.It was primarily determined that the excess risk of lung cancer was associated with long-term exposure to high concentration mineral dust in which SiO2 and mica were hardly excluded as effectless. This study demonstrated that the concentrations of 3,4-benzopyrene (BaP), radon, and radon daughter , which existed in underground air were remarkably low,so they were not sufficiently the causes of lung cancer.The relationship between risk of lung cancer and smoking was not shown in this study.