农民土地财产权权益制度保障研究

A Study on the Ensuring System of Rights and Interests of Peasants Land Proprietary

作为20世纪70年代开始的中国农村经济制度改革的原始起点和中心,家庭联产承包责任制不仅是目前与今后相当长一端时间内存在的农村土地基本经营制度,同时也是我国现代化农村土地制度安排中对农民土地财产权权益保护的结构性基础。但由于现行的有关农村土地制度中农民集体所有的产权安排存在着产权残缺等障碍,因此国家、集体和农民之间围绕着土地剩余索取权的仍然存在严重争议,农民的土地财产权仍然或多或少地受到不同程度的侵害。明确赋予农民土地财产权,并实现切实的立法和制度保护不能流于形式,如何既坚持土地国有下的家庭联产承包责任制,又切实有效地保障农民的土地财产权权益,就成为农村土地制度安排中的一个重大课题。

As the primitive starting point and centre of the rural economic system reform of China from the seventies of the 20th century, the family-contract responsibility system is not merely the basic management system of rural land (existing) in quite long time in the future and at (present), at the same time it is the structural foundation of rights and (interests) protection of the modernized rural (land) system in our country. But the obstacle such as being incomplete of the (property) right arranging of current collectives peasants in the rural land system, so there are still serious disputes on the right around land surplus among the country, peasants' land proprietary still receives the infringement in various degree more or less. Giving peasants land proprietary clearly, realizing practical legislation and (system) protection can't become a mere formality , how adhere to family-contract (responsibility) system of the land nationalization, ensure (peasants') land (proprietary) rights and interests effectively, become a great subject of the rural land arranging system.