沙溪水污染对微生物群落变化的影响

The Influence of Polluted Water on Changes in the Microorganic Community of the Shaxi River

沙溪是闽江上游3大支流之一.近年来,随着三明市经济的发展,局部污染事件仍时有发生.对沙溪三明河段的细菌、真菌、大肠菌群以及降解污染物的主要微生物进行了数量跟踪,结合COD、总氮和总磷等污染物对沙溪水环境与微生物群落变化的关系进行了初步的研究.结果表明:各种微生物的数量变化与主要的有机污染物值之间存在显著的相关性,所有的相关系数均大于0.7,表明微生物在降解与净化中起着重要的作用,同时对水环境的污染状况具有一定的指示作用;降解有机物的主要微生物的数量于COD显著相关,可作为该河段有机污染物水平的指标;研究结果还显示,三化总口和三农电化口是主要的有机污染点,应加强对这两个位点的监测和排污管理.

The Shaxi is one of the three major upper reaches of the Minjiang River,which traverses Sanming city.With the economic development in Sanming city,polluting incidents happen occasionally in the river.Our experiment takes the Shaxi river as an object and makes a preliminary study of the relationship between water environment and the community of microorganisms by tracking the number of bacteria,fungi,total coliforms and major degradation microorganisms with COD, and by evaluating its total concentration of nitrogen and phosphorus for the sake of protection and management of the river.The results show that there is a significant correlation between the number of different microorganisms and major organic pollutants,of which correlation coefficients are over (0.7) and even more than 0.9.In most cases, microorganisms play an important role in degradation and purification, meanwhile they are indicators of the pollution of water environment.The correlation between the major organic-pollutants-degrading microorganisms and COD suggests that the species can indicate the degree of the organic pollution. Our findings also show that Sanhua and Sannong are the major organic pollution sites,because the amount of COD,the total contents of nitrogen and phosphorus is obviously higher than that of other sites.Therefore,the pollutant-discharge management and monitoring should be given top priority.