非线性科学及其在心理学中的应用

Nonlinear Science and Its Application in Psychology

长期以来,心理学一直以线性的科学模型作为理论基础,追求一种简单明了的因果关 系,并以此来说明人类行为的确定性规律并预测行为的变化和发展。但是,线性的方法只是在简单 系统中是有效的,作为开放、演化和复杂的心理系统,我们是难以用确定性的方法来加以描述的,而 非线性科学则为我们理解真实、复杂系统提供了一个新的视角。由于人的心理的本质是非线性的, 所以非线性科学的概念和方法已经受到了心理学界的广泛重视,并开始运用于心理学的许多领域。

For a long time, psychology has taken the model of linear science as its theoretical foundation,aiming to establish a simple causation relationship with which to explicate the determinate discipline of human behaviors and to forecast its changing and development. However, the linear methods are only valid in simple systems and cannot be employed to describe an open, changing and complex system. The nonlinear science provides an innovative way to understanding the real, complex systems. Because the essence of human mind is nonlinear, the concepts and methods of nonlinear science have been widely valued by psychologists and have been applied in many psychological fields.