大豆对臭氧、二氧化碳及其复合效应的响应

Responses of soybean to O_3,CO _2 and their combination.

以大豆‘中黄 1 4’为试验材料 ,首次模拟研究大气中O3、CO2 浓度增加 ,及其逐渐和持续增加O3、CO2 浓度复合效应对大豆的影响 .结果表明 ,CO2 浓度增加可缓解O3对叶片的伤害程度 ,受害时间推迟 ,受害症状无实质性变化 .熏气 2 0d测定各处理叶片生理参数发现 ,在本底大气环境下 ,叶片气孔阻力和蒸腾速率与对照差异较小 ,熏气时O3、CO2 浓度增加诱导叶片气孔关闭 ,气孔阻力明显增加 ,蒸腾速率显著降低 .与对照相比 ,O3浓度增加 ,大豆干物质积累、产量和收获指数明显降低 ,籽粒粗脂肪含量明显减少 ,粗蛋白含量显著增加 ;CO2 浓度增加 ,干物质积累和产量显著提高 ,收获指数无明显差异 ,籽粒粗脂肪和粗蛋白含量均明显减少 ;逐渐和持续增加O3和CO2 浓度复合效应处理下 ,大豆干物质积累、产量和收获指数差异不明显 ,籽粒粗蛋白含量不同程度地减少 ,粗脂肪含量显著增加 .

With cultivar “Zhonghuang 14' as test crop,this paper studied the effects of CO 2 and/or O 3 on the growth and development of soybean ( Glycine max L.)in an open top chamber.The results showed that an increasing CO 2 concentration could defer the leaf's O 3 injury,and relax the injury degree.After treated with CO 2 for 20 days,the stoma resistance and transpiration rate of soybean leaves had little difference with CK.Only when fumed with high concentration CO 2 and O 3,the stoma became closed,stoma resistance increased,and transpiration rate decreased obviously.Compared with ambient atmospheric CO 2 and O 3 (CK),doubled CO 2 significantly increased the dry matter accumulation and grain yield,reduced the coarse fat and raw protein contents of grain,but the harvest index had no obvious difference;while doubled O 3 decreased the dry matter accumulation,grain yield and harvest index of soybean,reduced the coarse fat content,but increased the raw protein content of grain.The interaction of doubled CO 2 and O 3 had no obvious effects on the dry matter accumulation,grain yield and harvest index of soybean,but reduced the grain raw protein content to a certain extent and increased the coarse fat content obviously.