永磁体空间磁场的分析计算及其在永磁磁力轴承中的应用

Analysis and calculation on spatial magnetic field emanated from a permanent magnet and its application to permanent magnetic bearing

在介绍三种永磁体空间磁场计算模型的基础上,利用泛函理论分别推导出等效磁荷模型和等效电流模型对应的变分形式,并就等效磁荷模型详细地介绍了有限元法.由于等效磁荷模型使用仅有一个自由度的标量磁位,因而计算起来比具有三个自由度的矢量磁位的等效电流法更简便.从永磁磁力轴承磁场的计算算例中可以看出,用等效磁荷模型的有限元法计算永磁体空间磁场是非常简便和有效的.

Based on the three calculating models of permanent magnet, the variation forms of the equivalent magnetic charge model and electric current model are deduced respectively by the method of functional analysis, and the finite element method of the equivalent magnetic charge model is introduced in detail. Because it employs the scalar magnetic potential with one degree of freedom (DOF), its calculation is simpler than the equivalent electric current employing the vector magnetic potential with three DOFs. It is seen from the example of permanent magnetic bearing that, the finite element method of the equivalent magnetic charge model is very simple and effective in calculating the magnetic field emanated from the permanent magnet.