岷江上游乡村社区贫困成因及扶贫模式初探——以四川黑水国家扶贫开发重点县为例

Cause of the Community-based Poverty in the Upper Reach of Minjiang River and Pattern of Poverty-Alleviation

农村发展包括乡村社区发展和农户发展两个方面 ,二者不能偏废。以岷江上游国家扶贫开发重点县———黑水为例 ,探讨乡村社区贫困成因及扶贫模式。社区贫困是多种因素长期综合作用的结果 ,包括自然环境条件、传统习俗与贫困文化结合、道路交通贫乏、森林资源利用政策以及落后守旧的农业生产技术和手段。乡村社区扶贫不同于区域扶贫 ,应以新村建设和易地迁建为主 ,辅以劳务输出、旅游开发和教育扶持。

Rural development consists of community development and household development. Having taken Heishui County as a case study, the author analyzed the basic causes contributed to community poverty, which were the natural geographical situation, traditional custom and culture, the poor transportation, the national policy on forestry resources as well as the backward technology. The model of poverty alleviation in community was quite different with the regional levels, which should focus on the improvement of community infrastructure and resettlement of the community in the ecologically fragile areas. Rural labor migration, community-based eco-tourism and education supporting also were the important measures to alleviate community poverty.