环境侵权诉讼中的举证责任分配

Distribution of Burden of Proof in Environmental Tort Lawsuit

环境民事侵权责任以无过错为一般归责原则。如何预置相应的举证责任分配规则 ,通过决定败诉风险的承担者 ,将利益和不利益在双方当事人之间做有效且合理的分配 ,以确实保护受害人的合法权益 ,是保护环境民事权利的关键所在。环境民事诉讼从保护原告人的利益出发 ,需要为受害人特别设定证明标准 ,该标准并非民事证据法上的一般盖然性 ,而应当是低于民事证据法上的一般盖然性的特殊标准。在此思想指导下 。

The environmental civil tort liability always regards no-fault test as its general doctrine of liability fixation. How to pre-set the corresponding rule of the distribution of burden of proof, and make a valid and reasonable distribution of interests and non-interests between the parties concerned to protect the interest of the victims through the undertaker determining the risk of losing a lawsuit are the key points of protecting the environmental civil right. From the perspective of protecting the plaintiff's interests, a proof standard needs to be set up for victims in the environmental civil suits particularly, which is not the probability standard in civil evidence law but a special standard inferior to the probability standard. Based on the above theory, the reasonable allocation of proof will be conducted around the purpose of reducing the victim's burden of proof.