黑河干流浅层地下水与地表水相互转化的水化学特征

The Chemical Information of the Interaction of Unconfined Groundwaterand Surface Water along the Heihe River, Northwestern China

通过分析黑河干流地表水与地下水的水化学特征,识别沿黑河干流不同地带地下水与地表水的相互转化关系。研究结果表明:(1)在祁连山区,地下水与地表水的转化以地下水向河流排泄为主。(2)南部盆地,在山前戈壁带,出山河水入渗转化为地下水;溢出带地下水以泉的形式转化为地表水;进入细土平原后,汛期河水补给地下水,非汛期地下水补给河水;在农灌区引河水通过田间入渗补给地下水。(3)北部盆地,在金塔灌区,地下水主要接受引水灌溉入渗补给;在金塔灌区到额济纳旗,河流入渗转化为地下水。

Based on the analysis of the chemical character of water in the Heihe River catchment, the present study illustrates the interaction of groundwater and surface water along the Heihe River. The results show that: (1) in Qilian Mountain area, groundwater discharges to river; (2) in the south basin, groundwater gets recharge from river at mountain front and discharges to the river at the edge of pluvial fan, in alluvial plain downstream, the aquafer gains water from river during high-water period or during irrigation period and discharges to the river during low-water period; (3) in the north basin, groundwater gets water from surface water through irrigation in agricultural land or gets water from river influent seepage through riverbed.