尼克红鸡染色体性别鉴定的研究

Chromosomal Sex Identification of Nike Red Chicken

以引进品种尼克红鸡为研究对象 ,用羽髓法和改进的骨髓法制备染色体并对其进行 C分带处理 ,依据 C带 W染色体的存在与否 ,对 32只尼克红鸡进行了性别鉴定。结果表明 :(1 )尼克红鸡染色体经 C分带处理 ,很多微小染色体均显出深染的 C带 ,W染色体则整条深染 ,而且重复性很强 ,但大型染色体没有或仅显示很浅的 C带 ;(2 )母鸡的中期分裂相中可见到 1条完全深染的 W染色体 ,公鸡的中期分裂相中则否 ;(3) C分带技术为禽类异染色质 W染色体的识别提供了简便易行的手段 ,依此对 4 4只尼克红鸡判定的性别与这些供体鸡表型性别的符合率为 1 0 0 %;(4)应用直接羽髓法或骨髓短期孵育法制备染色体 ,结合 C分带处理 。

Fourty four nike red chicken were used to studry sex identification by preparing chromosomes with the techniques of direct pulp, modified direct marrow, marrow short term incubation and C-banding. The results showed that:(1)many microchromosome were darkstained C-bands, and all W-chromosomes had ones wholly dark-stained with good repetition, but macrochromosomes had very light C-bands or not at all. (2)Being treated by C-banding technique, a totally dark-stained W-chromosome showed up in the metaphase configuration of the femal, which was easily identifiable, but did not in the male′s. It indicates that C-banding technique offers an effective approach to sex identification of the avian. (3)C-banding offers a simple and practical approach to identify W-chromosome which is heteromatic, the sexing results by C-banding were completely the same as they actually are. (4)The combination of the technique of direct feather pulp or marrow short term incubation with C-banding would be a no invasive approach to sex identification of the rare and extincting avian.