论未来民法典对胎儿利益的立法保护

On Legislative Protection of Embryo Interests in Future Civil Law Code

通过对各国民法有关保护胎儿利益的规定加以比较 ,我国在保护胎儿利益的立法上应采取个别保护主义 ,即原则上不承认胎儿有权利能力 ,只在若干例外的情形下赋予其权利能力。胎儿权利能力的认定 ,应采取法定解除条件说。同时 ,立法上对胎儿所享有的具体民事权利的范围和保护方式应作较为详细的规定。

By comparison with provisions protecting embryo interests in other nations civ il law, Chinas legislative protection of embryo interests should take individu al protectionism, i.e. in principle we do not recognize the right capability of the embryo, but only endow with them some right capability in certain exceptions . The cognizance of embryos right capability should be based on legal release condition theories. In the mean time, legislation should give more detailed stip ulations on the range of specific civil rights in the embryo and the protection mode.