某市环境电磁辐射水平的分布

Survey on Urban Environmental Electromagnetic Radiation Level in a City

目的通过调查环境电磁辐射水平,了解现阶段我国都市环境电磁辐射状况。方法按照HJ/T10.2-1996《辐射环境保护管理导则———电磁辐射监测仪器和方法》、HJ/T24-1998《辐射环境保护管理导则———电磁辐射环境影响评价方法与标准》、GB8702-88《电磁辐射防护规定》和GB9175-88《环境电磁波卫生标准》的要求和方法,在比例尺为1∶25000的某市地图上以一定的间距(500m)划分了64个网格,以网格中心所在位置为测量点,于2000年6-8月,测量电磁辐射水平。结果该市被调查区域现有环境电磁辐射水平在5～10000MHz频率范围内均未超过相应的国家标准限值,但有个别测量地点的综合场强最大值已接近或达到超短波和微波一级安全区的限值。中心商业区和医疗机构区在5～10000MHz频率范围内的场强明显高于工厂区和生活区,0.009～1MHz频率范围内的磁场强度也是商业区最高。从28～500MHz频率范围选频测量的结果和频率分布概率看,较高场强的频段多见于当地的调频电台频段。结论都市现有环境电磁辐射水平较以往大大提高,并且高场强区域主要集中在中心商业区和医疗机构区,其对人群潜在的健康影响值得关注。

Objective Along with the increase of various kinds of communication facilities in our life, various frequency-bands of electromagnetic waves have been filling up our living space, and the probability of exposed to electromagnetic radiation for human being is growing day by day. Environmental electromagnetic radiation pollution has become a new public nuisance. The present paper systematically investigated the levels of environmental electromagnetic radiation in some administrative region of a city. Methods According to the methods of national hygienic standards(a little of change), compartmentalized gridding with a definite space distance of 500 meters, levels of environmental electromagnetic radiation were measured on the spots of the gridding center. Results Levels of environmental electromagnetic waves of 5-10 000 MHz did not exceed the limits of corresponding national standards, but at some detection spots, the maximum of comprehensive electrical field strength had been close to or reached to the limits of ultrashort wave and microwave hygienic standards. The levels of electrical field strength of 5-10 000 MHz in regions of central sowntown and medical organization were significantly higher than those in regions of manufactory and residence. The level of magnetic field strength of 0.009-1 MHz in region of central sowntown was the highest. According to the results of selective-frequency measure of 28-500 MHz, most of frequencies of environmental electromagnetic waves with high electrical field strength were frequencies of frequency-modulated broadcasting stations in the city. Conclusion The urban environmental electromagnetic radiation level is more higher nowadays than before. The regions with high electrical field strength mostly lie in the central sowntown and medical organization regions, and more attention should be paid to its potential effects on human health.