陆地植被净初级生产力计算模型研究进展

Advances in terrestrial net primary productivity (NPP) estimation models

植被净初级生产力 (NPP)研究是全球变化与陆地生态系统的核心内容之一。在回顾NPP模型研究的基础上 ,综合分析了气候模型、生态生理过程模型、光能利用率模型各自的优缺点 ,并对NPP模型研究做出展望。生态生理过程模型是当前陆地NPP估算研究的主要手段 ,而区域尺度转换则是它所面临的关键问题。近年来光能利用率模型已成为NPP估算的一种全新手段 ,它利用遥感所获得的全覆盖数据 ,使区域及全球尺度的NPP估算成为可能 ,但其生态学机理还有待于进一步研究。已有研究表明 ,“生态 遥感耦合模型”将是陆地NPP估算的主要发展方向 ,它融合了生态生理过程模型和光能利用率模型的优点 ,增强了NPP模型估算的可靠性和可操作性。

Net primary productivity (NPP) estimation is an important study field of global change and terrestrial ecosystems (GCTE).Climate-productivity relationship models,eco-physiological processing models and light utilization efficiency models are the three main kinds of models for terrestrial NPP estimation.The achievements and problems of these models were reviewed comprehensively and systematically,and a strong development trend of NPP estimation was presented in this paper.Present research on the terrestrial NPP estimation mainly focus on the eco-physiological process models,and the regional scaling is the key problem of their application.Light utilization efficiency models based on remote sensing are an absolutely new method for NPP estimation in recent years.Remote sensing information can be used in a relatively simple modeling framework to estimate global NPP of terrestrial vegetation from direct satellite observations.However,their fundamental understanding of ecological process is not clear.Substantial studies showed that remote sensing applications,coupled with the eco-physiological process models,would be a major developing field in the estimation of terrestrial NPP.It can enhance our ability to model the spatial pattern and dynamics of NPP at both regional and global scales.