生物膜法处理养殖废水的研究

Treatment of aquaculture wastewater by the biological film process

室内模拟研究生物膜法处理养殖废水的效果及其影响因素。实验结果表明,连续曝气或者不曝气,生物膜法对养殖废水中的硝酸盐氮去除效果都很差。曝气条件下生物膜法对COD_(Cr)、NH_4^-N、NO_2^-N均有较好的净化效果,COD_(Cr)、NH_4^-+-N、NO_2-N^--的去除率可分别达到79%、99%、99%;不曝气条件下生物膜法对COD_(Cr)、NH_4^--N、NO_2^-N净化效果稍差,COD_(Cr)、-NH_4^-+-N、NO_2-N^--的去除率可分别达到78%、35%、76%。曝气会增加养殖废水中PO_4^(3+)-P的质量浓度,增幅可达82%;不曝气时PO_4^(3+)-P的去除率可达63%。投加复合菌株有利于生物膜的形成和处理效果的提高。

The performance and affecting factors of treating aquaculture wastewater with biological process were investigated in laboratory. According to the results, nitrates in aquaculture wastewater were little removed by biological treatment under continuous aeration, and so did it without aeration. Organic pollutants CODCr, ammonia and nitrites were removed quickly by biological treat- ment. The removal rates of CODCr, ammonia and nitrites were 79%, 99% and 99% respectively under aeration. Without aeration, the removal rates of CODCr, ammonia and nitrites were 78%, 35% and 76% respectively, which was lower than that of removal rates under aeration. Phosphates in the system increased to 82% under aeration. The removal rate of phosphates was 63% without aeration. Adding cultured bacteria in the system benefited growth of biological film and promoted purification of aquaculture wastewater.