陆地生态系统含硫气体释放研究进展

Advance in the study of sulfur gases emission from the terrestrial ecosystem

由自然生态系统释放的含硫气体在全球硫循环中起着重要作用。陆地生态系统主要的自然硫释放源有湿地、土壤、植被、内陆水体和火山等,由自然源释放的含硫气体主要产生于有机硫化物的降解和硫酸盐的还原,同时受温度、光照等环境因素的影响。文章主要综述了对人类有影响的几种含硫气体(DMS、H2S、COS、CH3SH、CS2和 DMDS 等)从各种自然源释放的情况,同时简要介绍了环境因素如温度、光照、土壤状况、氧化还原条件等对自然源释放含硫气体的影响,最后结合中国的研究现状,指出今后应开展和加强陆地生态系统含硫气体释放通量监测、释放机理及在大气中的转化等方面的研究,以及在此基础上建立含硫气体释放模型。

Sulfur gases released from the terrestrial ecosystem play an important role in the global sulfur cycle. In order to calculate the quantities of the sulfur gases into the atmosphere accurately and control the formation of sulfur pollution effectively, natural sul- fur emissions were widely studied. There are some main natural sources in the terrestrial ecosystem such as wetland, soil, vegetation, inland water, volcano, and so on. The emission of sulfur gases from the natural sources happens during the decomposition of organic matter and sulfate reduction, simultaneously influenced by environmental factors (temperature, light). In this paper, emission situa- tions of several volatile sulfur gases (such as DMS, H2S, COS, CH3SH, CS2 and DMDS) in the terrestrial ecosystem were focused. The environmental factors (such as temperature, light, soil conditions and oxidation-reduction conditions) which influenced the natural sulfur emission in the terrestrial ecosystem were discussed as well. Finally, the paper suggests that the study on the measure- ment of the flux of sulfur gases in the terrestrial ecosystem, and on the emission mechanism and transformation laws of sulfur gases in the atmosphere should be strengthened in China in the future.