从“复古求解放”到“中西融合”造新民——兼论毛泽东早年的国民性改造思想

The Training of New Citizens Evolved from “Returning to the Ancients for Liberation” to the “Fusion of the Eastern Culture with Western Culture”—On Mao Tse-tung's Ideology of National Character's Remolding in His Early Years

早年毛泽东的国民性改造思想表现出“复古求解放”的特点。1916年以后,由于主客观条件的变化,他的国民性改造思想发展到“树”资产阶级新民阶段,表现在:国民性改造目标实现由“民”到“人”的时代切换;国民性的批判深入到了民族文化心理层面;国民性改造方法选择趋于可操作性,凸现出“中西融合”的特点。

Mao Tsetung's ideology of national character's remolding in his early years showed the feature of returning to the ancients for liberation in the sprout. After 1916, because of the change of objective and subjective conditions, Mao Tsetung's ideology of national character's remolding in his early years developed into the stage of training the new citizens of bourgeoisie. The changes are mainly displayed as follow: the goal of national character's remolding is to transform people into human being; the criticizing of the national character went as deep as the psychological level of national culture; The methods for the remodeling of national character tends to be operable, featuring the fusion of the eastern culture and western culture.