论文王卦位的形成及其与《易经》的关系

On the establishment of the postnatal positions of the eight trigrams and its correlation to Yi jing

文王卦位是以中国原有的时空观念为基础,适应占筮需要形成的。最迟在西周之时,先后形成 了四时与四方相配的时空统一观念,以及五行顺次相生观念。文王卦位的安排,首先是将四时与四方相 配延展为八个时段与八方一一相配,然后据八卦的卦象、卦德排定其时位与方位,理解时位是理解卦位的 关键。在卦位的安排中,很可能已考虑到五行的循环相生。这种卦位说形成于古经《周易》成书前,《易 经》在观象系辞中利用了这种卦位说。

The postnatal eight trigrams' (also called King Wen's eight trigrams in contrast to Fu Xi's prenatal eight trigrams) positions were based upon original Chinese temporal and spatial concepts and were formed in adapting to the demands in divination. At least in the Western Zhou Dynasty, the correspondence between the four seasons and four directions and orderly producing sequence between the five elements were established one after another. The positioning of the postnatal eight trigrams first of all extended the correspondence between the four seasons and four directions to that between the eight seasonal points and eight directions, and then set the time and directions of a trigram according to its emblems and attributes. Therefore, to comprehend the temporal implication of a trigram is critical to understanding its position. In positioning the eight trigrams, it was much possible that the cyclic producing between the five elements had been taken into consideration. The positioning of the postnatal trigrams ought to have completed before Zhouyi was compiled, for this idea was used in the attaching the remarks to the hexagrams and lines in Yi jing.