我国财政宏观调控政策及其转型取向——兼论以农村教育为重点的财政调控

Orientation of Fiscal Policy Transition in China and FinancialRegulation with Rural Education as the Focus

经济周期波动及其政府宏观调节是与市场经济共生的现象。经典理论形成了低谷和顶峰两极时期的财政对策,但忽视转型期的调控政策。我国新一轮增长拐点时期,将过去实施的积极财政政策转型为稳健的财政政策,财政调控的目标、手段、方式都需要发生改变。稳健的财政政策目标应该由单纯追求增长率转变为扩大就业,由类行政的直接调控转变为利用市场对企业施行间接调控,当前财政重点发展农村教育有助于实现经济由短期波动到长期增长的平稳过渡,并由此延长经济增长期。

Fluctuating economic cycle and government macro-adjustment are phenomena going with the market economy. The classical theory has formed financial countermeasures at the period of economic low or top, but neglected policies at the economic turning points. China is entering a new stage of economic growth and its fiscal policy must be shifted to steady fiscal policy from positive fiscal policy. The steady policy means the change of goals, means and manners of financial regulation. The goals of steady fiscal policy should be changed from pure pursuit of increase rate to broadening of employment. The former administration-like direct regulation should be changed into indirect regulation of enterprises through the market. At present, the focus of financial regulation would be developing rural education in order to help realize the steady transition from short-term fluctuation in economy to long-term growth and lengthen the economic rise period.