日本学习者习得普通话卷舌声母的语音变异研究

Variability in pronouncing Chinese blade-palatal initials by Japanese SLA learners

本文考察了不同汉语水平日本学习者习得普通话卷舌声母zh、ch、sh的过程.研究结果表明:日本学习者习得普通话zh、ch、sh的过程中存在系统语音变异,变异一定程度上受到语言语境、情景语境影响.卷舌声母习得与后接元音之间存在一定关系,后接元音/i/对习得有消极影响.ch是习得难点,后接元音/i/、/u/不利于学习者发送气音.此外,日本学习者卷舌声母的语音变异中也存在自由变异.不同习得阶段卷舌声母自由变体隐现的方式和程度不同.

This article presents an empirical investigation of the variability in pronouncing the blade-palatal initials zh, ch, sh in Chinese by Japanese SLA learners of Chinese. The results show that there is systematic phonetic variability in the Japanese learners’ production of these 3 initials. The variability is influenced by linguistic context and situational context. The Japanese learners’ acquisition of these 3 blade-palatals is influenced by the finals that follow them and the final /i/ has a passive effect on acquisition. The aspirated initial ch is difficult to learn, especially when it precedes /i/ or /u/. Meanwhile free variation can also be identified, and the manner and extent of free variation are varied in different stages of acquisition.