意义与思维模式——兼评Horn的语用分工理论缺陷

Meaning and Thinking Modes— A Tentative Comment on Horn’s Theory of Pragmatic Division of Labour

Horn提出语用分工理论时指出,关系原则倾向于常规理解,数量原则推论倾向于非常规理解.Horn主要依据语言的有标记和无标记形式来确定常规和非常规思维.笔者认为,常规和非常规思维的确定不能只从语言形式的有标记或无标记入手.由于话语的有标记和无标记并不存在明确的界限,因此Horn的语用分工理论的可操作性具有一定的局限性.问卷调查显示常规思维和非常规思维受到先入为主的语境的影响.在先入为主的语境是反常规思维时,它会在一定的程度上影响到常规思维.

In his theory of pragmatic division of labour, Horn believes that the relation principle often leads to stereotypical interpretation and the quantity principle often results in non-stereotypical interpretation. Horn mainly relies on the markedness or unmarkedness of an expression for the determination of conventional thinking mode or non-conventional thinking mode. Since, very often, there is no demarcation line between a marked expression or utterance and an unmarked one, his theory of pragmatic division of labour is not always operational. The feedback from Questionnaires shows that the conventional thinking mode or unconventional thinking mode may be affected by the context that pre-exists in mind. When unconventional thinking mode pre-exists, it may affect conventional thinking mode.