当代侗族择偶习俗的变迁

The Change of Selecting Spouse in Contemporary Dong Society

侗族有其传统的择偶习俗,一般实行民族内婚、房族外婚,有的侗族盛行姑表婚,即姑女嫁舅男;有的侗族禁姨表婚,认为姐妹的孩子是亲兄弟姐妹,不可通婚。择偶时,注重对方的家世,即"根骨"要正。20世纪80年代后,侗族年轻人多有到外地打工,他们成为传统择偶习俗的"破坏者"。一些侗族年轻女性也趋向于远嫁他乡,既满足自己"趋外"的心理,又能为娘家换来一定的经济收入。侗族择偶习俗从"同类匹配"向"资源交换"转变,由此引发了社会文化其他方面的变迁。

Dong people have their own custom in selecting marital partner. Generally there are some ways:marry with their own people or marry out of their family clan. Some Dong people marry to their uncle's son(the uncle is mother's brother).Some Dong people prohibit marriage between sisters' children thinking that sisters' children are in one family and cannot marry each other. When they selecting marital partners,they pay much attention to the family background,namely,they must have a 'grace' family tradition. Since 1980's,many young people went out to work so they became another group who break the 'laws'. Some female youngsters of Dong tend to marry outside because in this way they can both satisfy their will and give their family some financial support. The changing of selecting marital partner in Dong society from'matching the same' to ' exchanging wealth' caused some other cultural changes in their society.