设施土壤次生盐渍化客土修复技术初探

An Approach to Remediation of Secondary Salinization of the Soils in the Protected Watermelon Cultivation with Special Reference to the Mixing of Alien Earth

上海市的设施土壤,由于受到栽培、灌溉、施肥等人为条件和地下水位高、濒临东海等环境条件的影响,次生盐渍化程度明显,土壤板结现象严重,灌溉水不易下渗。上海现有的设施少有暗管系统,灌水洗盐效果不佳。本文根据客土改良的原理,将一种非盐渍土按不同比例掺进次生盐渍土,探讨混合土壤对作物生长的影响。结果表明,与原设施次生盐渍土相比,随着非盐渍土掺入比例的提高,混合土壤盐分含量明显降低,速效氮和速效磷含量稍有增加,西瓜的产量和质量均有较大程度的提高和改善。供试盐渍土与非盐渍土混合比为1∶1时,土壤的盐分增加少,养分均衡,西瓜品质好,同时成本低、简便易行。

There were very serious problems with secondary salinization of soils in the watermelon greenhouse .Due to man-made cultivation, irrigation, fertilization and special environment condition such as high underground water level and bordering the China East Sea. Soils hardened so that it was difficult for irrigation water to percolate. The existing greenhouses in Shanghai have hardly underground tile-drainage, so the attempt of irrigation to decrease the salinity was ineffective. The method of this paper was to mix the non-salinization soils with the salinization soils in different proportions. The results showed that the mixing soils, when compared with the origin greenhouse soils, could effectively relieve the salinity, hydrolysable nitrogen, available phosphor increased, while available potassium decreased .Both the yield and quality of watermelon were greatly improved. It was concluded that the salinity of mixed soil in the ratio of 1∶1 increased the least with the balanced nutrients and the best growth of watermelon. This method was simple and feasible with low cost.